Ancient Greece A Civilization - 896 Words

Ancient Greece was a civilization that began during the archaic period of the 8th to 6th centuries B.C. The Greeks were polytheistic in religion, worshipping the 12 Olympian gods and goddess. Zeus (Jupiter) was the chief god in charge, followed by his brother Poseidon (Neptune), and Hades (Pluto). Neptune and Pluto were then followed by Hestia (Vesta), Hera (Juno) who was both Jupiter’s sister and wife, Ares (Mars) who was the son of Jupiter and Juno, Athena (Minerva), Apollo, Aphrodite (Venus), Hermes (Mercury), depicted in Giacomo Amiconi’s painting â€Å"Mercury about to Slay Argus† above. Artemis (Diana) and lastly Hera’s son Hephaestus (Vulcan). These gods and goddess were not equal in power and also rained over different aspects of human lives as well as nature. The 12 Olympians were all the children of the titans who were defeated by Jupiter, who was famously known for caring a lightning bolt, but also for the many affairs he had outside of his marr iage with Juno, who was both his wife and sister. In the Greek society, being looked upon favorably was essential for the family and community so despite the not so godly actions committee by the gods/goddess, they were still respected and worshipped. The Greek gods and goddess were intricately connected to every aspect of the Greek daily life; â€Å"it was both social and practical† (Spielvogel). Public functions served specific purposes, those purposes were to prepare the boys to be warriors and the girls to be mothers. GiacomoShow MoreRelatedAncient Greece : Civilization1925 Words   |  8 PagesBooks are the carriers of civilization. Without books, history is silent, literature dumb, science crippled, thought and speculation at a standstill, once stated American historian and author, Barbara Tuchman (Barbara Tuchman Quote.). Myths have surpass many centuries of discoveries and disasters leaving their own mark. No matter the culture a certain myth comes from it is create d to teach values and morals of the society they arose from. The lessons which each individual myth provides can rangeRead MoreAncient Greece : A True Civilization1507 Words   |  7 PagesEugene High School Classical Greece A True Civilization Joshua Soifer and Remy Dunn Eurasian History Mr. Yamada October 6 2017 As the politician and bishop Stephen Gardiner once claimed, â€Å"The center of Western culture is Greece, and we have never lost our ties with the architectural concepts of that ancient civilization†. In many ways, through their academic pursuits, philosophical ideologies, or advanced trade systems, Ancient Greek culture has proven to be the foundationRead MoreAncient Greece And Roman Civilizations790 Words   |  4 PagesThousands of years ago, the ancient Greek society would practice beliefs and traditions that would lead to the development of advanced civilizations. It started as the Greeks beliefs which would help develop the Roman society, which would later lead to contributing to the development of the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantines would help influence Europe during the Middle Ages, and Europe’s ideas and practices would lead to helping and impacting the modern western civilization with their ideas and beliefsRead MoreAncient Greece : Western Civilization126 0 Words   |  6 Pagesgolden age of Greece began. This is what historians call Classical Greece. (2) Ancient Greece is called â€Å"the birthplace of Western Civilization,† many western ideas on philosophy, government and art are from Greek civilization. The Greeks were fearless warriors, their culture and society were civilized, and they perfected trade. The ancient Greeks lived in many lands around the Mediterranean Sea, from Turkey to the south of France. They had close contacts with other civilizations such as the EgyptiansRead MoreGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1498 Words   |  6 Pages Greek and Roman Civilizations In examining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In examining the trajectory of modern historyRead MoreGreek And Roman Civilizations : Greece And Ancient Civilizations1503 Words   |  7 Pages Greek and Roman Civilizations In examining the impact that the ancient world has had on modern Western civilization, the two ancient civilizations which are frequently understood as having had the greatest influence are Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. These two civilizations would eventually come to shape much of what would become the modern European culture, politics and society, and by extension, a vast proportion of global culture and society. In scrutinizing the trajectory of modern historyRead MoreAncient Civilizations Of Greece And Rome1436 Words   |  6 Pagesunusual shape. Unlike other member of the Dracaenaceae family the Dracaena cinnabari produces a red resin from the bark after wounding. The medicinal and coloring properties of this resin, along with other dragon trees, was recorded by the ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome. Today, it continues to be used in medicines, dyes, varnish and incense all over the world. Dracaena cinnabari belongs to the Plantae Kingdom. Its Phylum is Tracheophyta, its class is Liliopsida, its Order is Liliales, its FamilyRead MoreAncient Greece : The Greatest Civilization Of The Ancient World Essay1231 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Paper Acropolis Know as one of the greatest civilization of the ancient world, Greek is responsible for many architectural contributions such as the Doric, Ionic and Corinthian orders influencing building around the world in different periods through out history. Architecture played and important role in ancient Greek society. Dominated by religion, ancient Greece erected structures to celebrate their gods and victories in war. In this essay each paragraph will describe a single conceptRead MoreAncient Greece s Influence On Western Civilization2158 Words   |  9 PagesMuch can be said about the Greeks and their contribution to Western Civilization greatly and how they paved the way. The Greeks subsidized Western Civilization greatly, contributing areas of architecture, government, and many more. The Greeks built the Parthenon, a temple dedicated the infamous goddess Athena, who they viewed as there patron. The famous temple has columns and groundwork that characterizes Greek architecture. The ar chitects were concerned with conducting a sense of perfect balanceRead MoreClassical Civilizations of Ancient Greece, Rome, and China Essay897 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout history, there have been many civilizations, empires, colonies, and tribes that have impacted the world. The civilizations of Greece, Rome, and China have done this, but what sets them apart from the others is their lasting significance and lasting impact they had on the world. For this reason, they are considered classical civilizations. To describe how Greece, Rome, and Han China are classical, there are three systems that are used; these are Economic, Social, and Political. Out

The Debate of Human Cloning Essay - 4507 Words

Missing Appendix The Debate of Human Cloning Human cloning has become a hot topic for debate. As we progressed one step closer to successfully cloning and developing a human being, legislators and the general public have become more concerned about the ethical and moral implications of this procedure. The federal government has been unsuccessful in reaching an agreement as to what policy to pass and enact. Thus, any current legislation on human cloning has been developed and enforced by individual states. The state of California is one of the few states in the United States that has a policy on human cloning. Human cloning is banned in the state of California. Because current policy does not allow for any human cloning to take†¦show more content†¦A clone is genetically identical to the person or animal who provided the somatic cell that provided the DNA. Much of the new laws being drafted to prevent human cloning have yet to be enacted or reviewed by Congress. There has been much debate between the Democrats and Republicans on this issue. Problems with ethical concerns over human cloning play a very large role in hindering the adoption of various legislation. Anti-abortion organizations have entered the debate by voicing their opinions about human cloning and research. They claim that by allowing research to take place on human embryos, Congress would be giving approval for the destruction of life(Appendix A.4). Would we, in fact, be devaluing life by creating, experimenting and killing human embryos for the purpose of research?(Appendix A.5) There has also been concern over the rights of a human clone. Issues have been raised about the individuality, autonomy, objectification, and kinship of the resulting children (Appendix A.6). Because the clone would be identical genetically and phenotypically to a person who currently exists or did exist in the past, he or she may be expected to follow in the footsteps of the DNA donor. This would take away any individuality and autonomy that would normally be experienced by an individual conceived sexually. Objectification becomesShow MoreRelatedIs Cloning Be A Debate Of Morals And Human Privileges?1477 Words   |  6 PagesHuman cloning is unethical since it steps back from human identity. In addition, it brings emotional mental damage for the cloned kid and absolutely discards the basic biological gene selection. For the most part, not a single person can manage to ignore the procedure that is made in science today. Whereas scientific research, for instance grants us information and the procedure of being able to clone human beings, which is something nobody ever assumed could be possible. After watching the movieRead MoreHuman Cloning Debate: The Fate of Frankenstein1671 Words   |  7 PagesFrankenstein myth is the idea that humans have the technology and wisdom to create or duplicate life. This idea, cloning, is neither new, nor mysterious it is simply the b iological process of producing replicas of organisms through other means than sexual reproduction. In the United States, consumption of meat and other products derived from cloning was approved in December of 2006, with no special labeling required. However, although there are two types of human cloning typically discussed: therapeuticRead MoreCloning : A Debate Of Morals And Human Rights862 Words   |  4 Pagesadvances that survives today, the dispute of cloning is ever existent as a debate of morals and human rights. People are asking if we have the right to clone humans and other animals. Cloning, the process of taking a cell from one organism, taking a donor womb cell from another organism of the same species, inserting the original cell in the donor cell, and placing the newly developed embryo inside a surrogate mother. This is an inhumane desecration of human rights and an obscene act against the naturalRead MoreThe Debate Over Human Cloning Essay1526 Words   |  7 Pages Human cloning, an unknown wonder to the universe the world has yet to unfold. The idea of cloning can be a dream to some and others not so much, there’s just endless possibilities when it comes to cloning. With the thought of cloning humans comes reality and other things that can cause issues or keep the experiment stagnant. â€Å"Reality† includes the process of cloning humans, types of cloning, products of cloning, cost, and also ethical issues. Besides the issues and reality part of cloning, thisRead MoreThe Debate of Human Cloning Essay1690 Words   |  7 Pagesjourney that human cloning has taken has been one of dramatic highs and lows, heated arguments and confusion about the path ahead. When researchers witnessed the birth of the first cloned mammal, they were ecstatic, but this high ended with the tragic early death of this sheep, Dolly, due to abnormalities (Jaenisch 2004: 2787). The initial success and progress in this field fueled scientists to want to do further research into this technology, which would eventually leading to work with human embryosRead MoreEssay on Debate on the Legality of Human Cloning459 Words   |  2 PagesDebate on the Legality of Human Cloning Today, the topic of cloning creates more argument than it has ever created before. The argument over cloning is based upon the fact that there are extreme opposing viewpoints on the subject. One of the major arguments offered against human cloning is that it will undermine human individuality. However, despite the popular opposition to human cloning, it is likely to remain an issue. Cloning is reproduction involving only oneRead MoreThe Controversial Debate Of Human Cloning4152 Words   |  17 PagesHuman cloning has been a very controversial topic for many years now. The term human cloning includes numerous methods that are used to produce genetically identical copies of humans. The copied material, which has the same genetic makeup as the original, is referred to as a human clone (National Human Genome Research Institute). Lost in the midst of all the fuss about cloning is the fact that cloning is nothing new: it’s rich scientific history spans more than 100 years (Genetic Science LearningRead MoreEthical Issues Related to the Cloning Debate1389 Words   |  6 PagesThe act of cloning a human being comes dangerously close to human beings acting as God. Do human beings have the right to tamper with nature in this way? This essay explores the various ethical issues related to the cloning debate, and seeks answers to this deep philosophical question at the heart of bioethics. As a student of genetic biology and future biologist, this question also has personal relevance. Our science is evolving at a rapid pace. As human cloning becomes increasingly possible, itRead More Embryonic Wars Essay1634 Words   |  7 Pagesto clarify and summarise the controversial debate concerning the ethical decency of embryonic cloning for therapeutic purposes. This is the form of cloning that is supposedly beneficial to a barrage of medical applications. We will identify the key opposing ethical perspectives such as those of the justification of embryonic research based on the normative theory of consequentialism. This paper will also probe into the relatively brief history of the debate while gauging the particular stumbling blocksRead MorePros and Cons of Cloning Humans906 Words   |  4 Pagespossibility of cloning a human. Although the scientists from the Roslin Institute who had made the significant breakthrough with Dolly denied the possib ility of creating human clones, the idea was still wide debated about the risks and benefits of human cloning. So, what is cloning? Cloning is a process of generating a new organism by an identical genetic copy of the original donor. The DNA of the two organisms will be identical (LaurenÈ›iu, 2012).With the development stage of science, human has been already

Is Sociology a Science Free Essays

ABSTRACT In recent years, some persons have expressed sentiments that the study of sociology has no real scientific ground. This paper serves to examine the fundamental assumptions, as well as the possibility of Sociology being a science, but more specifically a social science. It begins by producing some definitions of the key terms, within the context of sociology, to which the student will make reference. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Sociology a Science or any similar topic only for you Order Now The terms include science, social science and sociology. The paper then proceeds to compare sociology to the natural sciences, by establishing and assessing the characteristics which sociology has in common with the natural sciences. INTRODUCTION What predictions can sociologists make about how people behave, and to what extent are these tested through blind studies? Are there any models in sociology, that make it possible to make predictions like the other sciences? Jake Gordon (2002) said in an internet article, â€Å"Sociologists study society as a ‘social science’ however, the status of sociology as a science is easily questionable when compared to how acknowledged scientists study the natural world. Science, as defined by Giddens (2001), is â€Å"the use of systematic methods of investigation, theoretical thinking and the logical assessment of arguments, to develop a body of knowledge about a particular subject matter. † A key element of what constitutes a science is the ability to provide rational, plausible explanations. Sociology observes one of the most subjective factors we can think of, that is, human action and makes predictions, from which persons are able to generate explanation s for human social behaviour. Read also  Sociology and Social Integration. Sociology is outlined as the social science which studies human behaviour and interaction in groups. A social science being any or all of the branches of study that â€Å"involves an examination of human relationships in an attempt to objectively understand the social world† (Unknown). Gordon continues, â€Å"In order to determine whether or not sociology can be accepted as a true science it is useful to make comparisons between the studies performed by both sociologists and natural scientists on their subjects of society and the natural world respectively. At its most fundamental level, the philosophy behind knowledge, reality and being must also be scrutinized as the knowledge which is so eagerly pursued by scientists is only relevant under certain philosophical conditions. † Many of the leaders of sociology are convinced that it is possible to create a science of society based on the same principles and methods as the natural scientists. The attempt to apply natural science philosophies to sociology is called positivism. Positivists, such as Auguste Comte and Karl Popper believe that much of the same techniques and processes used by the natural scientists can be applied to the social sciences, namely sociology. They are of the opinion that social facts and the behaviour of humans, like the behaviour of matter can be objectively observed, expressed as a quantity and measured. These measurements are vital to be able to explain human behaviour. Research has noted that the positivists also believe that based on objective measurements, observations of behaviour will allow statements of effect and cause to be made. Then theories may be formulated to explain the observed behaviour. Therefore, with all this being said it is possible for sociology to be deemed a science. There are four basic features which sociology has in common with the natural sciences and which help to characterize it as a science itself. Sociology can be considered a science because it is empirical, theoretical, cumulative and objective. PRESENTATION OF FINDINGS To begin with, sociology is a science to the extent that it gathers empirical information according to a rational process and develops hypotheses based on that data. According to Wikipedia, â€Å"the word empirical denotes information acquired by means of observation or experimentation. † Empirical data, therefore, is data produced by an observation or experiment. McGraw-Hill said, â€Å"the empirical method is generally characterized by the collection of a large amount of data before much speculation as to their significance, or without much idea of what to expect, and is to be contrasted with more theoretical methods in which the collection of empirical data is guided largely by preliminary theoretical exploration of what to expect. Sociologists attain information for experiments through somewhat of the same means as the ‘regular’ or natural scientists. This is to say that a sociologist would form an idea based on which a hypothesis would then be formulated. A research study would then be done to verify or refute the hypothesis and then a theory and predictions can be made about the particular discourse. Sociology makes use of scientific methods in the study of its subject matter like investigations, interviews, case studies, questionnaires, observations and comparisons, so it is therefore, entitled to be called a science. What is then noted about the subject matter is no longer a speculation, some wild idea or even an opinion. Rather, it is in fact, a theory which has been physically tested and holds scientific grounds, based widely on facts. However, because the subject matter of sociology varies from that of the natural sciences, some persons are of the view that sociology should not be considered a science. However, to say that sociology is not a science is absolutely absurd and very far from the truth because it uses much of the same methodology as the natural sciences to conduct research. An unknown internet source puts it this way, â€Å"universal validity of conclusions and a complete accuracy of prediction are not the criteria of science; what determines the scientific character of a discipline is its methodology, if the methods of a study are scientific, the subject deserves the rank of a science. † Sociology is a science every bit as much as biology or chemistry. Social sciences, like natural and biological sciences, use a vigorous methodology. This means that a social scientist clearly states the problems he or she is interested in and clearly spells out how he or she arrives at their conclusions. Indeed, a scientific study of social phenomena is not free from difficulties. Social studies, by their very nature, cannot perhaps be as exact or natural as physical sciences but that does not make them any less of a science. Additionally, sociology must be considered a science because it is theoretical. When a research is conducted on a particular subject in sociology, it is organized in such a way that someone may be able to analyse this information and therefore formulate a theory which would then allow for the prediction of some future human behaviour. According to Haralambos, Holborn and Heald (2004), â€Å"a theory is a set of ideas that provides an explanation of something†, thus the greater the accuracy of the theory, the greater the overall accuracy of the prediction as well. As stated by Schaefer and Lamm (1998), â€Å"an effective theory may have both explanatory and predictive power. † According to Cuvler, â€Å"the predictive value of sociology is being improved. There is a good deal of approximate information on family relationships and the personality of children. As sociology matures and comes to understand more fully the principles underlying human behaviour it will be in a better position to make accurate prediction. † Like the natural sciences, sociology contains many different theoretical approaches to much of the same idea, and as mentioned, the data which these theories are based upon is gained through observation and experiments and not blind speculation. The theories which sociologists create, present the relationship between all the observations that have been recorded for a particular study. For instance, the Symbolic Interaction Theory (established by George H Mead in the 1920s) which is based on the premise that human nature and social order are the results of social interaction among people. Furthermore, like the natural sciences, sociology is cumulative. Sociologists usually build upon theories which have been formulated by his/her predecessors. Hence new theories are simply modifications or developments of older ones as they all have their basis in some previously established theory. For example, the Symbolic Interaction Theory though introduced by George Mead, had its origins in the works of Max Weber. According to Nasser Mustapha (2009), sociology’s â€Å"cumulative nature implies that new knowledge continuously builds upon what is already known. † Reference can also be made to another sociologist- Durkheim- who it is said expounded on the idea of society being an organism- a theory first developed by Herbert Spencer. Both the evolution of theories and collection of data is cumulative in sociology. Theories change and become more complex over time as they are reviewed and ideas confirmed or rejected. Moreover, sociology is also considered to be a science because it is objective or value-free. The dictionary defines ‘objective’ as not influenced by personal feelings, interpretations, or prejudice, based on facts or unbiased. And as such, sociologists do not allow personal views or ideologies to influence their research. According to Mustapha (2009), â€Å"the fatcs obtained by research must be accurately reported and not distorted to agree with the researcher’s feelings and emotions. Denise Richards, Vashti Deochan and Bennie Berkley (2005) put it this way. â€Å"In studying society, there will be several issues which a sociologist may not support, for example, single parenting, where women decide to have children out of wedlock and support the children themselves. Even though the sociologist may not approve of this type of family formation, he/ she cannot allow personal bias and opinions to creep in and influence his/ her work. † This is so because one basic requirement of cience is that the subject matter be unbiased. Some persons believe that humans studying their behaviour in groups makes it impossible for absolute objectivity. But that does not mean a scientifically acceptable level of objectivity cannot be attained. Psychology has made great strides in understanding the individual in both constructive and destructive ways and there is no reason sociology cannot do the same thing for society. As humans we are quite capable of understanding ourselves as we are of understanding the world around us. Hence sociology does not reflect what we as humans believe to be true but in fact what is true and has proven itself to be factual. CONCLUSION In conclusion, sociology is a science and saying it is not betrays a misunderstanding of what science is. Any field of study dedicated to finding answers about how the world works is a science by definition. Science is not about knowing everything, it is about knowing more than we do now. Sociology may be a science in the early stages of development, or even a science which does not have all the answers but, nonetheless it is a science. It has been deemed, like the natural sciences, to be empirical, theoretical, cumulative and objective. According to Cuvier, J. F. , â€Å"The science is the method of discovery of the uniformities in the universe, through the process of observation and re-observation, the result of which eventually comes to be stated in principle and arranged and organized into the fields of knowledge. † And this is exactly what sociology entails. Thus, it is just as much of a science as any of the natural or other social sciences. BIBLIOGRAPHY * Ajay Bhatt, â€Å"Do you consider sociology as a science, if yes then why? † from http://www. preservearticles. com/201101173444/is-sociology-a-science. html (2011) * Giddens, A. (2001). Sociology. 4th edn. Reprint with the assistance of Karen Birdsall. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. * Jake Gordon, â€Å"Can sociologists study society in the same way that scientists study the natural world? † from http://jakeg. co. uk/essays/science (2002) * Haralambos, M. Holborn, M. 2008). Sociology Themes and Perspectives, 7th edn. London: Harper Collins. * Russ Long, â€Å"Sociology as a Science† from http://dmc122011. delmar. edu/socsci/rlong/intro/science. htm (2012) * Mustapha, N. (2009). Sociology for Caribbean Students: Sociology as a Discipline, 20-22. Jamaica: Ian Randle Publishers. * Richards, D. Deochan, V. Berkley B. (2005). Introduction to Sociology: Sociology as a Science, 41-46. Barbados: The University of the West Indies. How to cite Is Sociology a Science, Papers

Jane Eyre a Quest for Maturity free essay sample

In the novel Jane Eyre written by Charlotte Bronte, Jane gradually matures until she is an independent woman. To achieve this state of autonomy, she must first make some life-changing decisions which mark major turning points in the story. Her first step to establishing herself as a self-sufficient woman occurs when she decides to leave Lowood, as she states, â€Å"I desired liberty; for liberty I gasped; for liberty I uttered a prayer†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (page 72). Jane indicates in this plea that she undoubtedly desires freedom, since she had been living at the Lowood School for eight years. She therefore decides to find a job, which would liberate her from the school, satisfying her yearning for freedom. Jane’s actions of applying for a job by herself illustrate a significant amount of maturity, as she performs the task on her own, not needing any assistance, or even receiving a suggestion to do so. She additionally shows a brilliant amount of awareness of her financial and social situations, knowing that in order to fulfill her pursuit for freedom she must also have financial support through a job. We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Eyre: a Quest for Maturity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Jane will soon after experience a great number of events after becoming a governess, eventually leaving Thornfield, the mansion in which she found her job. Soon after starting a new one, St. John, a local minister who had allowed her to live in his home for a while, visits Jane to tell her of the death of her uncle John Eyre. He explains about the vast fortune that she has inherited from him, along with her kinship with him and his sisters. Jane is appalled, yet without even much recollection, is determined to divide her inheritance with her cousins. In doing so, she undeniably establishes a large amount of maturity and selflessness in herself, showing how she is able to use her kindness even in situations with a magnitude of importance such as this. If she had not shared the money, it is possible that Jane could be considered to be taking a step back in her maturing process, as doing so would be selfish and heartless. In addition, Jane’s whole approach to her life changes a good deal, as she now knows that she has relations who will not reject her, but rather offer support. However, her love for Mr. Rochester will soon compel her to leave them. She travels back to Thornfield Hall, where she discovers that the old mansion had been burnt down by his insane wife. Jane learns of his gallant actions of saving others from the fire, which led to a crippled hand and blindness. She visits him at Ferndean Manor, and her love for Mr. Rochester is evoked right away. She learns that he has finally realized himself because of all the physical and mental pain he experienced. He explains to Jane, â€Å"I began to see and acknowledge the hand of God in my doom. I began to experience remorse, repentance; the wish for reconcilement to my Maker. (page 380) Jane’s decision to return to Mr. Rochester thus becomes very significant in her life, since his evident rebirth signifies that her pursuit of love is finally over, and she is his equal. By recognizing herself as his counterpart, Jane knows that she has become fully matured, and that she may remain independent, as Mr. Rochester could easily be considered inferior to her due to his phy sical state. Therefore, Jane fulfills her quest for maturity through making wise decisions throughout the novel, starting with just finding a job, to sharing a fortune, and finally by returning to Mr. Rochester.